Hanya ada tiga pos lintas batas negara (PLBN) Indonesia dan Papua Niugini yang tersedia dari panjang perbatasan kedua negara yang mencapai 820 kilometer.

I went on board a pickup truck belonging to an Indonesian trader, which was full of tilapia fish from PNG.

Robin pointed out he was not part of the refugees from Indonesian Papua who had come to PNG in the refugee wave in 1984.

At the top of a green hill, several houses on stilts stand on a field whose soil is red. All the houses are made of rough tree wood and the roof is made of sago leaves.

The local residents and Papuan refugees both speak Yomgom, originating from their ethnic communities that have lived side by side for decades.

Many of them also do not understand the political motives of why they have to live in PNG with an unclear status.

Eduardus took me to his hometown in Kiunga. After changing public transportation twice, we walked under the scorching sun. Michael village is a slum area that is often flooded by swamp water.

The author wrote about New Caledonia, a French colonial archipelago located to the east of Vanuatu. The French flag that still flew there made the writer feel the same as John did: trapped and angry.