The more important thing now is to issue a preventive measure to curb the spread of waves of layoffs in 2023.

The contribution our micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) have made to total exports remains relatively small at 14 percent. Compare this to Singapore at 41 percent, Thailand (29 percent) and China (60 percent).

In order to reduce the high dependence on foreign shipping companies, Indonesia needs to increase the number of container ships on international routes in line with the increase in exports.