Adequate education is an important tool for reaping the benefits of the demographic bonus so that the large number of young people will not instead become a demographic disaster.

The results of the Kompas Research and Development survey, conducted in August 2022 in all 34 provinces, illustrates the extent of Indonesia’s sandwich generation, which reached 67 percent of the respondents.

For the government, the sandwich generation is one of the target points that must be achieved in the development process. The sandwich generation from the middle-to-lower income bracket must be a priority.

We need to envisage an industrialization strategy and create a supporting ecosystem, involving institutions, to provide certainty over the policies in order to ensure large-scale and long-term investment from abroad.

Since entering the demographic bonus period in 2012, Indonesia\'s dependency ratio has continued to fall below the 50 mark. This means that every 100 productive-age people bear fewer than 50 people of nonproductive age.

The real leaders are people who “help us overcome the limitations of our own individual laziness and selfishness and weakness and fear and get us to do better, harder things than we can get ourselves to do on our own.”