Partnerships between villagers and outsiders are also found in the management of the village funds program, which involves facilitators in village administrations.

Broadly speaking, there are three causes of stunting: inability, ignorance and unwillingness. The incapacity of the population is usually associated with poverty.

Migration of people from rural to urban areas is usually only seen from the perspective of urban areas as a potential problem. Actually, from a village perspective, urbanization has both positive and negative impacts.

Sustainable development is expected to provide economic prosperity, ensure ecological sustainability, and promote social justice for both current and future generations.